International Journal of Case Studies (ISSN Online 2305-509X)

VOLUME 12, ISSUE 12
IMPACT FACTOR 4.428

1) Foreign Direct Investment and Economic Growth: The Nigeria Experience
Author’s Details:⁽¹⁾Adebayo Oluwaseun Rapheal-University of Ibadan, Nigeria.⁽²⁾Olawunmi Samson Dare-Ekiti State University, Nigeria
Abstract:
This study investigated the effect of foreign direct investment on economic growth in Nigeria. The study covered the period of 30 years from 1990 to 2020. The annual time series data for the study were analyzed using the Ordinary least square (OLS) technique. The results of the estimated model show that foreign direct investment had a strong negative impact on economic growth. Foreign exchange rate and exchange rate and government expenditure both have positive relationships with economic growth. The study therefore concludes that insufficient FDI fund invested into the Nigerian economy has not been able to exert enough impact to make it positive or growth-enhancing. Furthermore, the study recommended that Nigeria should encourage improved domestic investment to accelerate growth rather than relying on FDI as a prime mover of the economy
Keywords: Foreign Direct Investment, Nigeria, Gross Domestic Product, Exchange Rate, Government Expenditure, Economic Growth
[Download Full Paper] [Page 01-07]
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2) The Relative Effectiveness of Fiscal and Monetary Policies on the Growth of Nigeria Economy
Author’s Details: ⁽¹⁾Adebayo Oluwaseun Rapheal-University of Ibadan, Nigeria.⁽²⁾Olawunmi Samson Dare-Ekiti State University, Nigeria
Abstract:
This paper examines the relative effectiveness of fiscal and monetary policies in Nigeria within the period of 1981 to 2018. The broad objective of this study is to examine the impact of fiscal and monetary policy instruments on the economic growth of Nigeria. The specific objectives are to: examine the trend of monetary policy instruments, fiscal policy instruments, and economic growth and to examine the long-run relationship between monetary policy instruments, fiscal policy instruments, and economic growth. The study employed quantitative tools of data analysis and was based on standard econometrics principles. The estimation techniques used were the Philip-perron unit root test, ARDL bound co-integration, and Error Correction Model. The study finds that there is a positive relationship between GDP, EXR, INTR, and M2 (broad money supply) while the study further shows that there is a negative relationship between GDP and GEX. It was gathered that monetary policy and fiscal policy have an impact on the economy. The study finds however that the impacts of both policies are necessary for economic growth within the period covered by this study. The research concludes that the combination of both policies would be a necessity for development in the long run for economic stability and each should be implemented in economic situations in which they are best suited. It was recommended that both policies should be seen as complementing each other
Keywords: Monetary Policy, Fiscal Policy, Economic Growth.
[Download Full Paper] [Page 08-16]
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3) The Nexus between Central Bank Monetary Policy and Inflation Control in Nigeria
Author’s Details: ⁽¹⁾Adebayo Oluwaseun Rapheal-University of Ibadan, Nigeria⁽²⁾Olawunmi Samson Dare-Ekiti State University, Nigeria
Abstract:
This research work examines the Nexus between central bank monetary policy and inflation control in Nigeria from the period of 1981 to 2018. The data for this study were sourced from the World Development Indicators and the Central Bank of Nigeria statistical bulletin from 1981 to 2018. The variables used were broad money supply, interest rate, inflation rate, exchange rate, and liquidity ratio. The study employed quantitative tools of data analysis and was based on standard econometrics principles. The estimation techniques used were the Augmented Dickey-Fuller unit root test, Johansen co-integration test, and Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). In addition, tests for heteroscedasticity and autocorrelation were conducted. The study finds that there is a negative relationship between exchange rate, liquidity ratio, and economic growth in Nigeria while the findings further reveal that there is a positive relationship between broad money supply, interest rate, and inflation in the country. The monetary authority should re-evaluate the effectiveness and potency of the monetary policy rate as a tool to curb inflation in Nigeria during and after the study period especially now that the occurrence of the COVID-19 pandemic has shown the world the need to exercise a lot of caution in formulating policies in Nigeria and globally
Keywords: Monetary policy, Nigeria, Economic growth, Inflation, Interest rate, Money supply, Exchange rate, Liquidity ratio.
[Download Full Paper] [Page 17-27]
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4) Passphrase Generation Methods: A Review
Author’s Details: B.T Shehu¹, S.U Suru^2, T.M Emmanuel^{3 1}Department of Computer Science, Federal University Birnin Kebbi.²Department of Computer Science, Kebbi State University of Science and Technology Aleiro.  ³ Sales and Distribution, MTN Nigeria
Abstract:
One of the most crucial concerns in information security is user authentication. Numerous authentication mechanisms have been created over time. Some of these authentication methods rely on the user’s knowledge, while others are dependent on tokens (something you possess, like an ATM), and others are based on biometrics. The most common and popular type of authentication mechanism is the use of alphanumeric password (Knowledge-based). But overtime the alphanumeric password proved to be vulnerable especially when short and simple passwords are chosen. Passphrases, which are sets of natural language words separated by spaces, have long been advocated as secure and practical because they are longer than passwords. In this paper, we describe the categories of passphrase authentication scheme, the recent research on Passphrases Authentication Schemes and outlined a future research direction.
Keywords: Authentication systems, passphrase, mnemonic, system-generated, user-chosen, security
[Download Full Paper] [Page 28-35]
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5) Color Hints Method for Graphical Authentications: A Review
Author’s Details: T.M Emmanuel¹, S.U Suru^2, B.T Shehu^3 1 Sales and distribution MTN Nigeria. ²Department of Computer Science, Kebbi State University of Science and Technology Aliero. ³Department of Computer Science, Federal University Birnin Kebbi.
Abstract:
Humans easily memorize and recall images better than text; for this reason, the concept of graphical authentication schemes was introduced as a possible alternative to text-based password systems. Most of these authentication systems widely rely on what the user knows or what they have to generate the password, and recalling the generated password is usually a challenge. In some other authentication systems, what the user is, used to generate their password, but these authentication systems are generally expensive and are affected by the aging factor in humans. Some of this limitation led to further research to develop systems that can be used in generating graphical passwords with hints in relation to this research, such as color hints that can assist the user in recalling the selected clicks or images during password creation. The main objective of this review paper is to study recent works done on graphical authentication schemes using colors or hints to enhance the memorability and usability of the schemes.
Keywords: Authentication, Schemes, Hint, Graphical.
[Download Full Paper] [Page 36-42]
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6) Advertising Effectiveness and Impulse Buying Behaviour of Body Cream among Undergraduate Students Ekiti State University
Author’s Details: FALEYE Olubunmi Christianah-Department of Business Administration, Bamidele Olumilua University of Education, Science and Technology, Ikere-Ekiti, Nigeria
Abstract:
This study investigated the impact of advertisements on the impulsive purchasing behaviour of body cream among undergraduate students at Ekiti State University. The present study aimed to examine the impact of billboard advertising on impulse buying behaviour, assess the influence of mobile advertising on impulse buying behaviour, and ascertain the effects of online advertising on impulse buying behaviour in relation to body cream among undergraduate students at Ekiti State University. The study utilised a descriptive survey research approach. The research utilised a sample size of 377 respondents, selected using the Krejce and Morgan (1970) sampling table. The study collected primary data by using a meticulously designed questionnaire. The collected data was subjected to hierarchical regression analysis. The findings indicate that billboard advertising has a favourable impact on impulsive buying behaviour. Additionally, the study reveals that mobile advertising also influences impulse buying behaviour. Lastly, online advertising is shown to have a beneficial effect on impulse buying behaviour. Hence, the research findings indicate that advertising exerts a beneficial influence on the impulsive purchasing behaviour of body cream among undergraduate students at Ekiti State University
Keyword: Advertising, Billboard, Mobile, Online, Impulse Buying
[Download Full Paper] [Page 43-50]
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7) The Combine Effect of Transformational and Transactional Leadership Style in the Nigerian Public Sector
Author’s Details:¹BANKOLE Oluwole Adeniyi, ²AWOKOYA Oluwabunmi Adenike, ³AGBETUYI Helen Opeyemi ^{1 & 2} Department of Business Administration, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria ³Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Management Sciences, Federal University, Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
Abstract:
The study analysed the combine effect of transformational and transactional leadership style on job satisfaction in the Nigerian Public Sector, the study was carried out in Ekiti State, Nigeria. A descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study.  The population of the study comprised the entire 13 State Ministries in Ekiti State. The sample size was 325 using simple random sampling. Primary data used for the study were gathered through the administration of well structured questionnaire. Data gathered were analyzed using standardized linear regression models. The result showed that the combine effect of transformational and transactional leadership style significantly affects job satisfaction (t=15.814, p<0.05). Thus, in conclusion, it was shown that the explanatory variable was significantly and positively related to job satisfaction in the Nigerian Public sector.
Keyword: Leadership, Transactional Leadership, Transformational Leadership, Satisfaction
[Download Full Paper] [Page 51-57]
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8) The Future of Computer Games
Author Details: Janfada, Amirhossein-Mobin Technical and Vocational High school, Kish Iran
Abstract:
Computer games are one of the fascinating and important phenomena in the information age that affect people’s lives, culture and economy. This article examines the factors affecting the growth and development of this industry in the future and considers the role of artificial intelligence in creating new developments in this field. The purpose of this article is to provide a general and comprehensive view of the future of computer games and its importance in the near future.
Keywords: Computer Games, PC games
[Download Full Paper] [Page 58-62]
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9) Southwest Flight #2452 UAP Case Study: Unraveling the Mystery in American Airspace
Author Details: Melvin S. Marsh-Department of Psychology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia & Extreme Environments Psychology and Medicine Consulting LLC, Hollywood, Florida
Abstract:
A former Navy pilot reports witnessing a glowing, reddish-orange orb during a Southwest Airlines flight at 24,000 feet. The object traveled north-northwest, three times faster than the plane, and remained unidentified despite the witness’s expertise in aviation.  Investigation confirms the object wasn’t a planet, satellite, meteor, drone, or known aircraft. While pilot corroboration was sought, Southwest refused interview access. Given the witness’s credibility and lack of plausible explanations, this case qualifies as an Unidentified Aerial Phenomenon (UAP) deserving further investigation.
Keywords: Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena (UAPs), Unidentified Flying Objects (UFOs), Southwest Airlines, Unexplained sighting, Aviation
[Download Full Paper] [Page 63-66]
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10) Figurational Social and Cultural Sciences (III)
Author Details: Jeroen Staring
Retired Dr. mult. Jeroen Staring taught mathematics at secondary schools in The Netherlands. His 2005 Medical Sciences dissertation describes the life, work, and technique of F. Matthias Alexander. In 2013 he successfully defended a second dissertation, on the early history of the NYC Bureau of Educational Experiments.
Abstract:
This case study introduces and discusses ‘the homo clausus self-experience of contemporary people in Western European societies’ — a central conceptualization result of the so-called ‘Amsterdam School of Sociology,’ based on the insights and works of philosopher and sociologist Norbert Elias
Keywords: Philip Abrams (1933-1981); George Armelagos (1936-2014); Norbert Elias (1897-1990); Peter Farb (1929-1980); Jozef Keulartz (1947); John Reader (1937); Frans Veldman (1921-1910); Cas Wouters (1943). Birth and pregnancy; Figurational sociology; Figurational social and cultural sciences; Socio-psycho-physiology of muscles and muscle systems; (Socio-Psycho-)Physiogenesis of
Homo clausus self-experiences; Counseling, therapy and training groups
[Download Full Paper] [Page 67-78]
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